Black Nobility
The Black Nobility (Italian: aristocrazìa nera) were Italian aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy under Pope Pius IX after the army of the Kingdom of Italy entered Rome on (September 20, 1870), overthrew the Papal States, and took over the Apostolic Palace. For the next 59 years, the Pope confined himself to Vatican City and claimed to be a prisoner in the Vatican to avoid the appearance of accepting the authority of the Italian government. Aristocrats who had previously received their titles from the Holy See, including the Privy Chamberlains of the Sword and Cape, kept their doors closed to mourn the Pope's confinement, which lead to their being called the "Black Nobility."
Following the conclusion of the Lateran Treaty in 1929, the Black Nobility were given dual citizenship in Italy and Vatican City. This allowed them to enter the Noble Guard, which had previously been open only to nobility from the former Papal States. In 1931, Pope Pius XI denied the request of Alfonso XIII to open the Noble Guard further to nobles from all Catholic countries.
Famous members of Black Nobility families include Eugenio Pacelli, who later became Pope Pius XII. Black Nobility families include notably the Colonna, Massimo, Pallavicini and Ruspoli. When Pope Paul VI took away their Vatican City licence plates and other perks, there was a fallout. In May 1977, some members of the Black Nobility, led by Princess Elvina Pallavicini, started courting ultraconservative Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre.
"What would be the motive to sink the Titanic?". The Titanic sunk on April 15, 1912 (Another mid-April tragedy). The Federal Reserve system was introduced on December 23, 1913. Wealthy passengers such as John Jacob Astor IV, Benjamin Guggenheim, and Isa Strauss opposed the Federal Reserve. With their money, they could effectively resist the push for a Federal Reserve system.
http://www.daveramsey.com/tdrs/index.cfm/2...BFCF58E31A916DA
The Jesuit connection to the sinking of the Titanic is a man by the name of Francis Browne.
Francis Browne was a distinguished Jesuit priest in Ireland who was aboard the Titanic. He took photos of the passengers, including the captain, Edward J. Smith, who was linked to JP Morgan. The Titanic was built by White Star Line, which was also linked to JP Morgan. Doug Yurchey claims that Edward Smith was a Jesuit coadjutor who was ordered to sink the ship.
http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=283822
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Browne
http://www.illuminati-news.com/who-sunk-the-titanic.htm
"A vacationing priest, Father Francis Browne, caught these poignant snapshots of his fellow passengers, most of them on a voyage to eternity. The next day Titanic made her last stop off the coast of Queenstown, Ireland. Here tenders brought out the last passengers; mostly Irish immigrants headed for new homes in America. And here, the lucky Father Browne disembarked.... Father Browne caught Captain Smith peering down from Titanic’s bridge, poised on the brink of destiny."-The Secrets of the Titanic, National Geographic, video tape, 1986
But Browne was not simply getting off at the last stop before the horrible 'accident' because he was lucky. Someone told him to disembark. A high-ranking individual within the Jesuit Order.
"Titanic’s passage from Southampton to Ireland (where Father Browne was fortuitously ordered to disembark by his superior), and thence to its doom at the bottom of the Atlantic in April, 1912."
http://www.fatherbrowne.com/
To sum up: A ship is built by a JP Morgan-linked company and it's captain is a man who worked for that JP Morgan-linked company and is a Jesuit coadjutor, subservient to the Jesuit General. Aboard the ship are extremely rich men who opposed the Federal Reserve. Also aboard is a Jesuit priest, Francis Browne. Browne takes photos of the ship and it's passengers and disembarks at the last stop before the tragic crash because his superior ordered him to disembark. The ship then hit an iceberg and the passengers, including the rich men who opposed the Federal Reserve, perished. The Federal Reserve was implemented approx. 8 months later.
Who Owns The Federal Reserve?
1. The Fed is privately owned.
Its shareholders are private banks. In fact, 100% of its shareholders are private banks. None of its stock is owned by the government.
2. The fact that the Fed does not get "appropriations" from Congress basically means that it gets its money from Congress without congressional approval, by engaging in "open market operations."
Here is how it works: When the government is short of funds, the Treasury issues bonds and delivers them to bond dealers, which auction them off. When the Fed wants to "expand the money supply" (create money), it steps in and buys bonds from these dealers with newly-issued dollars acquired by the Fed for the cost of writing them into an account on a computer screen. These maneuvers are called "open market operations" because the Fed buys the bonds on the "open market" from the bond dealers. The bonds then become the "reserves" that the banking establishment uses to back its loans. In another bit of sleight of hand known as "fractional reserve" lending, the same reserves are lent many times over, further expanding the money supply, generating interest for the banks with each loan. It was this money-creating process that prompted Wright Patman, Chairman of the House Banking and Currency Committee in the 1960s, to call the Federal Reserve "a total money-making machine." He wrote:
"When the Federal Reserve writes a check for a government bond it does exactly what any bank does, it creates money, it created money purely and simply by writing a check."
3. The Fed generates profits for its shareholders.
The interest on bonds acquired with its newly-issued Federal Reserve Notes pays the Fed’s operating expenses plus a guaranteed 6% return to its banker shareholders. A mere 6% a year may not be considered a profit in the world of Wall Street high finance, but most businesses that manage to cover all their expenses and give their shareholders a guaranteed 6% return are considered "for profit" corporations.
In addition to this guaranteed 6%, the banks will now be getting interest from the taxpayers on their "reserves." The basic reserve requirement set by the Federal Reserve is 10%. The website of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York explains that as money is redeposited and relent throughout the banking system, this 10% held in "reserve" can be fanned into ten times that sum in loans; that is, $10,000 in reserves becomes $100,000 in loans. Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.8 puts the total "loans and leases in bank credit" as of September 24, 2008 at $7,049 billion. Ten percent of that is $700 billion. That means we the taxpayers will be paying interest to the banks on at least $700 billion annually – this so that the banks can retain the reserves to accumulate interest on ten times that sum in loans.
The banks earn these returns from the taxpayers for the privilege of having the banks’ interests protected by an all-powerful independent private central bank, even when those interests may be opposed to the taxpayers’ -- for example, when the banks use their special status as private money creators to fund speculative derivative schemes that threaten to collapse the U.S. economy. Among other special benefits, banks and other financial institutions (but not other corporations) can borrow at the low Fed funds rate of about 2%. They can then turn around and put this money into 30-year Treasury bonds at 4.5%, earning an immediate 2.5% from the taxpayers, just by virtue of their position as favored banks. A long list of banks (but not other corporations) is also now protected from the short selling that can crash the price of other stocks.
Time to Change the Statute?
According to the Fed’s website, the control Congress has over the Federal Reserve is limited to this:
"[T]he Federal Reserve is subject to oversight by Congress, which periodically reviews its activities and can alter its responsibilities by statute."
As we know from watching the business news, "oversight" basically means that Congress gets to see the results when it’s over. The Fed periodically reports to Congress, but the Fed doesn’t ask; it tells. The only real leverage Congress has over the Fed is that it "can alter its responsibilities by statute." It is time for Congress to exercise that leverage and make the Federal Reserve a truly federal agency, acting by and for the people through their elected representatives. If the Fed can demand AIG’s stock in return for an $85 billion loan to the mega-insurer, we can demand the Fed’s stock in return for the trillion-or-so dollars we’ll be advancing to bail out the private banking system from its follies.
If the Fed were actually a federal agency, the government could issue U.S. legal tender directly, avoiding an unnecessary interest-bearing debt to private middlemen who create the money out of thin air themselves. Among other benefits to the taxpayers. a truly "federal" Federal Reserve could lend the full faith and credit of the United States to state and local governments interest-free, cutting the cost of infrastructure in half, restoring the thriving local economies of earlier decades.
